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Computer networking connects devices so they can exchange data and share resources. It uses hardware such as routers, switches, and network cables alongside protocols like TCP/IP to enable reliable communication across local and wider networks.
Common network types include Local Area Networks (LAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). Each serves different purposes, depending on geographical coverage, connection methods, number of devices, and networking requirements.
Essential networking equipment can include routers, switches, Ethernet cables, wireless access points, and network adapters. The appropriate hardware depends on network size, design, performance requirements, security needs, and whether connections are wired or wireless.
Network troubleshooting involves checking cables and connections, reviewing device settings, testing connectivity, examining IP addresses, and monitoring network equipment. Identifying symptoms systematically helps locate faults and restore reliable network performance efficiently.
Network security involves strong passwords, secure configurations, updated software, malware protection, access controls, and safe internet practices. Monitoring network activity and protecting sensitive data can further reduce security risks and unauthorised access.